If you have a subwoofer designed to be placed into a ported enclosure, then you will need to place a PVC aero port into it and tune it to a certain frequency. Now in terms of tuning you can tune around 32 HZ for low end punchy bass or louder high upper bass around 50 HZ. Now the actual size of the port for the subwoofer will determine what its tuned at, taking the diameter and the length into consideration. In this day and age, there are clever online subwoofer port calculators that do all the maths for you. All you need to do is measure up things pop it into the generator and it will tell you what the port will be tuned at. From there you can adjust it such as the length to get it to where you want it to be. You can also do a slot port if you don't want to stick in a PVC aero port, however this can make things more tricky.
1) Go onto this website link. The browser you are using will launch a free subwoofer port calculator software on screen for you.
2) Measure the width, height, depth and thickness of the box you want to stick a port in, entering this information into the 'Volume Calculator'. The program will then workout the box volume.
3) On the same page you will see another tool called 'Round port length calculator'. Enter the port diameter (how wide it is), the box volume you have just workout and the tuning frequency you want to be around. It will then populate the length that it needs to be.
4) Once you have adjusted the port you will need to fit it into the box. So draw around the inner diamter of the plastic port onto the MDF going around it with a black marker.
5) Using a jigsaw cut inside the circle marking that you have just made. Then pop the port into the hole and push it down. To secure it down from movement or vibrations created by the speaker you can use a glue gun to stick it in place.
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